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- <text>
- <title>
- Comoros: Economy
- </title>
- <article><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Comoros
- Economy</hdr><body>
- <p>Overview: One of the world's poorest countries, Comoros is
- made up of several islands that have poor transportation links,
- a young and rapidly increasing population, and few natural
- resources. The low educational level of the labor force
- contributes to a low level of economic activity, high
- unemployment, and a heavy dependence on foreign grants and
- technical assistance. Agriculture, including fishing, hunting,
- and forestry, is the leading sector of the economy. It
- contributes 40% to GDP, employs 80% of the labor force, and
- provides most of the exports. The country is not self-sufficient
- in food production, and rice, the main staple, accounts for 90%
- of imports. During the period 1982-86 the industrial sector grew
- at an annual average rate of 5.3%, but its contribution to GDP
- was only 5% in 1988. Despite major investment in the tourist
- industry, which accounts for about 25% of GDP, growth has
- stagnated since 1983. A sluggish growth rate of 1.5% during
- 1985-90 has led to large budget deficits, declining incomes, and
- balance-of-payments difficulties. Preliminary estimates for FY92
- show a moderate increase in the growth rate based on increased
- exports, tourism, and government investment outlays.
- </p>
- <p>National product: GDP - exchange rate conversion - $260
- million (1991 est.)
- </p>
- <p>National product real growth rate: 2.7% (1991 est.)
- </p>
- <p>National product per capita: $540 (1991 est.)
- </p>
- <p>Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4% (1991 est.)
- </p>
- <p>Unemployment rate: over 16% (1988 est.)
- </p>
- <p>Budget: revenues $96 million; expenditures $88 million,
- including capital expenditures of $33 million (1991 est.)
- </p>
- <list>
- <l>Exports: $16 million (f.o.b., 1990 est.)</l>
- <l> commodities: vanilla, cloves, perfume oil, copra,
- ylang-ylang</l>
- <l> partners: US 53%, France 41%, Africa 4%, FRG 2% (1988)</l>
- <l>Imports: $41 million (f.o.b., 1990 est.)</l>
- <l> commodities: rice and other foodstuffs, cement, petroleum
- products, consumer goods</l>
- <l> partners: Europe 62% (France 22%), Africa 5%, Pakistan,
- China (1988)</l>
- </list>
- <p>External debt: $196 million (1991 est.)
- </p>
- <p>Industrial production: growth rate -6.5% (1989 est.); accounts
- for 10% of GDP
- </p>
- <p>Electricity: 16,000 kW capacity; 25 million kWh produced, 50
- kWh per capita (1991)
- </p>
- <p>Industries: perfume distillation, textiles, furniture,
- jewelry, construction materials, soft drinks
- </p>
- <p>Agriculture: accounts for 40% of GDP; most of population works
- in subsistence agriculture and fishing; plantations produce cash
- crops for export - vanilla, cloves, perfume essences, copra;
- principal food crops - coconuts, bananas, cassava; world's
- leading producer of essence of ylang-ylang (for perfumes) and
- second-largest producer of vanilla; large net food importer
- </p>
- <p>Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY80-89), $10
- million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral
- commitments (1970-89), $435 million; OPEC bilateral aid
- (1979-89), $22 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $18
- million
- </p>
- <p>Currency: 1 Comoran franc (CF)=100 centimes
- </p>
- <p>Exchange rates: Comoran francs (CF) per US$1 - 274.06 (January
- 1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01
- (1989), 297.85 (1988)); note - linked to the French franc at 50
- to 1 French franc
- </p>
- <p>Fiscal year: calendar year
- </p></body></article></text>
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